{"id":1381,"date":"2019-03-11T12:58:22","date_gmt":"2019-03-11T12:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.megasaglik.com\/?p=1381"},"modified":"2019-03-11T12:58:22","modified_gmt":"2019-03-11T12:58:22","slug":"bebeklerde-yuksek-ates-nasil-dusurulur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/megasaglik.com\/index.php\/2019\/03\/11\/bebeklerde-yuksek-ates-nasil-dusurulur\/","title":{"rendered":"Bebeklerde Y\u00fcksek Ate\u015f Nas\u0131l D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, bebek ve \u00e7ocuklarda s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ancak belli limitlerde oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece ciddi bir sorun de\u011filken baz\u0131 durumlarda hayati decede riskler ve kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlar yaratabilir. Bu nedenle ate\u015fin nas\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011finin bilinmesi ve gerekli durumlarda vakit kaybetmeden doktora gidilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Her ate\u015f y\u00fckselmesinde paniklemek do\u011fru de\u011fildir ancak 39 \u00b0C dereceyi ge\u00e7en ate\u015fe dikkat etmek gerekir. Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fli \u00e7ocu\u011fun ya\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir, 3 ay\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki bebeklerde hi\u00e7 zaman kaybetmeden mutlaka doktor gitmek gerekir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu bebeklerde ate\u015fe yol a\u00e7an durumun ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve tedavisi mutlaka hastane \u015fartlar\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ate\u015f i\u00e7in kritik s\u00fcre 3 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr! \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyorsa mutlaka doktora gidilmelidir. 3 aydan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarda ise ate\u015fin derecesi ve s\u00fcresi, bebe\u011fin durumu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak hareket edilmelidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f nedir?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normal de\u011ferlerin \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselerek ki\u015finin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eder hale gelmesi durumudur. Normal ko\u015fullarda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi y\u00fcksek ate\u015fi enfeksiyonlara ve hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 bir savunma y\u00f6ntemi olarak kullan\u0131r. Ancak, belli durumlarda \u00f6zellikle bebeklerde ate\u015fin mutlaka kontrol at\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. Aksi halde kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlara neden olabilir. Bebek ve \u00e7ocuklarda y\u00fcksek ate\u015f de\u011ferleri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yerlerine g\u00f6re \u015f\u00f6yledir: Rektal ya da kulaktan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm: 38 \u00b0C ve \u00fczeri, a\u011f\u0131zdan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde, 37,6 \u00b0C ve \u00fczeri, koltuk alt\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde 37,4 \u00b0C ve \u00fczeri y\u00fcksek ate\u015f olarak kabul edilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Genel durumu iyi, beslenmesi bozulmam\u0131\u015f, ate\u015fi 38.5 \u00b0C derecenin alt\u0131ndaki bebek ve \u00e7ocuklar evde semptomatik ate\u015f tedavisi ile 3 g\u00fcne kadar izlenebilir. Ate\u015fin s\u00fcresi 3 g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7iyorsa mutlaka doktor ba\u015fvurmak gerekir. 6 aydan b\u00fcy\u00fck bebeklerde ate\u015f 39 \u00b0C derecenin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bebe\u011fin durumu iyi oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece ate\u015fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek gerekmeyebilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015fli bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun tedavisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken noktalardan biri de altta yatan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkenine y\u00f6nelik \u00f6zg\u00fcl tedavinin uygun zamanda ba\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7o\u011fu kez antibiyotikler ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc gibi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Antibiyotiklerin ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc gibi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve doktor \u00f6nerisi olmadan kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ilk 5 \u00f6nlem<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131yafetlerine dikkat edin: 38.5 \u00b0C derece civar\u0131ndaki hafif ate\u015fte \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun \u00fczerindeki fazla giysileri \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131n, ince ve bol bir pijama giydirin.<\/strong><\/span>
\nS\u0131v\u0131 almas\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterin: Bol miktarda su ve sulu g\u0131dalar i\u00e7irin<\/strong><\/span>
\nOrtam\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin, bulundu\u011fu ortam\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 21-22 \u00b0C derece aras\u0131nda tutmaya dikkat edin<\/strong><\/span>
\nIl\u0131k du\u015f ald\u0131r\u0131n: 29-32 \u00b0C derece s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki \u0131l\u0131k suyla du\u015f ald\u0131r\u0131n veya \u0131l\u0131k-\u0131slak bezlerle pansuman yap\u0131n.<\/strong><\/span>
\nHemen ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye sar\u0131lmay\u0131n: Ate\u015fin 39 \u00b0C dereceye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda doktorunuza dan\u0131\u015farak \u00e7ocu\u011fa ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc verebilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/span>
\nY\u00fcksek ate\u015f durumunda yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 gereken 5 hareket<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00dc\u015f\u00fcyen ve titreyen ate\u015fli \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun \u00fczerini \u00f6rtmeyin<\/strong><\/span>
\nKal\u0131n k\u0131yafetler giydirmeyin<\/strong><\/span>
\nAsla so\u011fuk suyla banyo yapt\u0131rmay\u0131n<\/strong><\/span>
\nAlkol ve sirkeli suyla kompres uygulamay\u0131n (kolonya dahil)<\/strong><\/span>
\nS\u0131k aral\u0131klarla ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ila\u00e7 kullanmay\u0131n. Bu uygulamalar ate\u015fin daha da y\u00fckselmesine, ila\u00e7 ve alkol zehirlenmesi gibi sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilmektedir.<\/strong><\/span>
\nY\u00fcksek ate\u015f belirtileri<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015f 39 \u00b0C derecenin \u00fczerinde ise, yada<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015f 38,5 \u00b0C derecenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde ve 72 saatten beri varsa<\/strong><\/span>
\nBebekte ate\u015fle birlikte a\u011flama, inleme ve huzursuzluk hali varsa<\/strong><\/span>
\nTitreme ve \u00fc\u015f\u00fcme benzeri bir hal varsa<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015f d\u00fc\u015fmesine ra\u011fmen huzursuzlu\u011fu devam ediyorsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nS\u00fcrekli uyuklama hali, bilin\u00e7 bulan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve say\u0131klama varsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nBebe\u011fin cildinde mor d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcler olu\u015fuyorsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nA\u011fz\u0131nda kuruluk, g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131<\/strong><\/span>
\nZor ve s\u0131k nefes al\u0131yorsa, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kulak a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/span>
\nBebek ve \u00c7ocuklarda y\u00fcksek ate\u015fin tedavisi<\/strong><\/span>
\nY\u00fcksek ate\u015fte genel tedavi<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015f, v\u00fccudun enfeksiyona kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi bir savunma y\u00f6ntemidir. 39 \u00b0C derecenin alt\u0131ndaki d\u00fczeylerde ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131ksal sistemin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesini sa\u011flar ve mikroorganizman\u0131n yok edilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fi tedavi etmenin amac\u0131 \u00e7ocu\u011fun rahat etmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Tek ba\u015f\u0131na ate\u015fin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 her zaman tedavi gerektirmez. Genelde b\u00fct\u00fcn ate\u015fleri tedavi etmek veya v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 normale indirmek i\u00e7in bir fikir birli\u011fi yoktur.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmad\u0131k\u00e7a (40 \u00b0C derecenin \u00fczerinde) hastaya \u00f6zel bir zarar vermez. Ate\u015f v\u00fccudun enfeksiyonlarla sava\u015fma y\u00f6ntemlerinden biridir. O nedenle ate\u015fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek her hastaya \u00f6zg\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, \u00f6zellikle 6 aydan b\u00fcy\u00fck bebeklerde ate\u015f 39 derecenin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bebe\u011fin durumu iyi oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece ate\u015fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek gerekmeyebilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bebe\u011fin ate\u015fi y\u00fckselmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc vermeden \u00f6nce bir s\u00fcre beklemenin ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131ksal yan\u0131t\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 bildirilmektedir. Ancak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131larda bile bebe\u011fin a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek, rahatlamak ve uyku d\u00fczenini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc tedavi uygulanabilir. Bunun yan\u0131nda kimi zaman yaln\u0131zca tela\u015fl\u0131 bir anneyi rahatlatmak amac\u0131yla da bebe\u011fe ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc verilebilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken noktalardan biri de altta yatan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tespit edilerek tedavisine zaman\u0131nda ba\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7o\u011fu kez antibiyotikler ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc gibi kullan\u0131lmak, bu \u00e7ok sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r. Doktor, \u00f6nerisi olmadan antibiyotik kullanmay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fte destek tedavisi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fi olan \u00e7ocu\u011fun bulundu\u011fu ortam\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131l olmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015fli bebe\u011fin bulundu\u011fu odan\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 21 -22 \u00b0C derece aras\u0131nda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00fczeylerdeki \u0131s\u0131, \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Oda \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayarlayabilmek i\u00e7in havaland\u0131rma cihazlar\u0131 ve vantilat\u00f6r kullan\u0131labilir. Ancak bebe\u011fin direk olarak hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lmamas\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fi olan \u00e7ocu\u011fun giysileri nas\u0131l olmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015fli \u00e7ocu\u011fun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 giydirilmesi, sar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00fczerinin \u00f6rt\u00fclmesi yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Az ve gev\u015fek giysiler \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme mekanizmalan yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Gerekirse bebe\u011fin yaln\u0131zca ara bezi ile kalmas\u0131 uygun olabilir. \u00c7ocuk \u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor ve titriyorsa \u00fczerine ince \u00f6rt\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fclebilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fi olan \u00e7ocuklarda beslenme nas\u0131l olmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fun kalori gereksinimini artt\u0131nr. Bu nedenle ate\u015flenen \u00e7ocu\u011fun a\u00e7 b\u0131rak\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve beslenmesinin desteklenmesi gerekir. Ancak beslenme i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 zorlamamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ate\u015f, terlemeyi ve solunum say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak s\u0131v\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131n da art\u0131\u015f\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. \u00c7ocu\u011fa bol miktarda s\u0131v\u0131 verilmelidir. Bu ama\u00e7la beslenmede \u00f6zellikle su, meyve suyu, ayran, \u00e7orba ve sulu meyveler kullan\u0131labilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fli \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in uygulanabilecek destek tedavi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocu\u011fun bulundu\u011fu ortam\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 21-22 \u00b0C derece olacak \u015fekilde ayarlay\u0131n<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00c7ocu\u011fa ince, hafif, gev\u015fek giysiler giydirin, \u00fczerine kal\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcler \u00f6rtmeyin<\/strong><\/span>
\nBol s\u0131v\u0131, sulu g\u0131da verin, a\u00e7 kalmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n, ya\u011fl\u0131 yiyecekler vermeyin<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015f, \u00e7ok y\u00fcksekse (40 \u00b0C derecenin \u00fczerindeyse) \u0131l\u0131k su (29-32 \u00b0C derece) ile pansuman veya nadir olarak banyo yapt\u0131rabilirsiniz, ancak \u00e7ocu\u011fu so\u011fuk \u0131slak havlu veya \u00e7ar\u015fafa sarmay\u0131n.<\/strong><\/span>
\nFizik Aktivite: Ate\u015fli \u00e7ocu\u011fun fizik aktivitesi v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n daha da artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Bu nedenle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 fizik aktiviteden ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7ocuk oyun oynamak istiyorsa evde basit oyunlar oynamas\u0131 engellenmemelidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bebeklerde ate\u015fin tedavisinde \u0131l\u0131k su ile pansuman\u0131 ve banyo<\/strong><\/span>
\nSu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (29-32 derece) \u0131l\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong><\/span>
\n3 adet el havlusu, pansuman peti veya s\u00fcnger \u0131l\u0131k su kab\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine konur<\/strong><\/span>
\nBebek kuru havlu \u00fczerine yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/strong><\/span>
\nElbiseleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r, \u00fczerine ince bir \u00e7ar\u015faf \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/strong><\/span>
\nIslak havlulardan biri al\u0131na konur, di\u011feri ile v\u00fccudun boyun, y\u00fcz, kann, diz, el bileklerinin i\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fc, koltuk alt\u0131 ve kas\u0131k b\u00f6lgeleri silinir. Havlulardan biri I kuruyunca di\u011feri ile devam edilir<\/strong><\/span>
\nBu i\u015flem 20-30 dakika boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir<\/strong><\/span>
\nE\u011fer k\u00fcvet veya kap i\u00e7erisindeki su so\u011fursa \u0131l\u0131k su eklenir<\/strong><\/span>
\nK\u00fcvet v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131na yak\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u0131l\u0131k su ile doldurulur ve bebek i\u00e7ine konur<\/strong><\/span>
\nBebek k\u00fcvetin i\u00e7inde 20-30 dakika boyunca bekletilir<\/strong><\/span>
\nBu uygulama, havale ge\u00e7irmekte olan bebek i\u00e7in asla yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong><\/span>
\nSo\u011fuk Su, Buz ve Alkol Kullanmay\u0131n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Antibiyotikler ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc de\u011fildir<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015fin tedavisi yaln\u0131zca ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ila\u00e7larla de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda uygun yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla desteklenmelidir. Evde uygulanabilecek bu destek yakla\u015f\u0131mlar ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 kadar \u00f6nemlidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda y\u00fcksek ate\u015fin ila\u00e7la tedavisi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Etki mekanizmalar\u0131 benzer olan parasetamol, ibuprofen, salisilat gibi ila\u00e7lar i\u00e7inde en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7 parasetamold\u00fcr.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc parasetamoller:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Parasetamol yan etkileri olduk\u00e7a az ve g\u00fcvenilir bir ila\u00e7t\u0131r. Dozu ise 4-6 saatte bir kilogram ba\u015f\u0131na 10-15 mg.d\u0131r. G\u00fcnl\u00fck doz kilogram ba\u015f\u0131na 60 mg.\u0131 ge\u00e7memelidir. Piyasada \u00e7e\u015fitli firmalar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ok say\u0131da parasetamol vard\u0131r: Calpol, Tylol, Termalgine, Paranox, Paracetamol, Tamol, Vermidon, Minoset v.b.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Burada \u00f6nemli olan ilac\u0131n i\u00e7indeki parasetamol\u00fcn ka\u00e7 miligram oldu\u011fudur. Genelde 1 \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi 120 mg\u2019d\u0131r. Ancak Minoset \u015furupta 150 mg; Vermidon \u015furupta ise 160 mg\u2019d\u0131r. Bu nedenle ilac\u0131n ka\u00e7 miligram oldu\u011funu mutlaka okuyunuz. \u00c7ocu\u011fa verece\u011fimiz ila\u00e7 miktar\u0131 = \u00e7ocu\u011fun kilosu x 10. Bu doz her 4-6 saatte verebilece\u011fimiz parasetamol dozudur. \u00d6r. 10 kg. olan bir \u00e7ocu\u011fa 6 saatte bir verece\u011fimiz miktar = 10\u00d710= 100mg\u2019d\u0131r. \u015euruptaki ila\u00e7 miktar\u0131 120 mg ise 4\/5 \u00f6l\u00e7ek ya da enjekt\u00f6rle veriliyorsa 4.1 cc.dir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcnde (24 saat boyunca) verebilece\u011fimiz en \u00e7ok parasetamol miktar\u0131 ise \u015f\u00f6yle hesaplan\u0131r: \u00c7ocu\u011fun kilosu x 60 mg. Yukar\u0131da belirtti\u011fimiz \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131rsak 10<\/strong><\/span>
\nkiloluk \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in: 10x 60= 600 mg.d\u0131r. \u015euruptaki ila\u00e7 miktar\u0131 120 mg ise, 600 \/ 120= 5. 10 kilo olan \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in 24 saat i\u00e7inde verdi\u011fimiz parasetamol miktar\u0131 toplam 5 \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi ge\u00e7memelidir. Ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor ise 4 saatte bir verilebilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uyar\u0131: \u00c7ocuklar i\u00e7in piyasada bulunan ve gripal durumlarda kullan\u0131lan A-ferin, Corsal, Peditus, Babyrhinol gibi ila\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u00e7inde de parasetamol bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131rken, i\u00e7indeki parasetamol dozu da hesaplanmal\u0131 ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck doz a\u015f\u0131lmadan di\u011fer ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc \u015furuplar ona g\u00f6re verilmelidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ibuprofen: K\u0131sa s\u00fcreli kullan\u0131mlarda yan etkisi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan bir ila\u00e7t\u0131r. Dozu her 6-8 saatte bir kilogram ba\u015f\u0131na 5-10 miligramd\u0131r. Piyasada, Dolven, \u0130bufen, Pedifen isimlerinde bulunmaktad\u0131r ve 1 \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi 100 mg.d\u0131r. Yani kilosu 10 olan bir \u00e7ocu\u011fa 50 mg ile 100 mg aras\u0131 verilebilir. 1 \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi 100 mg oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re yar\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7ek ya da \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek ate\u015f varsa 1 \u00f6l\u00e7ek verilebilir. G\u00fcnde en \u00e7ok 4 kez , belirtilen dozlarda verilebilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc Salisilatlar (Aspirin): Kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, mide-barsak kanamalar\u0131, allerjik reaksiyonlar, b\u00f6brek ve karaci\u011fere zararl\u0131 etkileri ve salisilat zehirlenmelerine yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuklarda tercih etmedi\u011fimiz bir ila\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3 aydan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bebeklerde ate\u015f, \u00e7ok ciddi enfeksiyon belirtisi olabilir. Bu nedenle ilk ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ilac\u0131 verdikten hemen sonra en yak\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funa ba\u015fvurunuz.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3 ay\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki bebeklerde y\u00fcksek ate\u015fe dikkat<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015fli \u00e7ocu\u011fun ya\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. \u00d6zellikle 3 ay\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki ate\u015fli her \u00e7ocuk hi\u00e7 zaman kaybetmeden mutlaka doktor taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmeli, ate\u015fe yol a\u00e7an durumun ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve tedavisi hastane \u015fartlar\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda y\u00fcksek ate\u015f i\u00e7in kritik s\u00fcre\u00e7 3 g\u00fcn<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3 aydan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarda ate\u015fin derecesi ve s\u00fcresi yan\u0131nda hastan\u0131n genel durumu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak hareket edilmeli. Genel durumu iyi, beslenmesi bozulmam\u0131\u015f, ate\u015fi 38.5 derecenin alt\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar evde semptomatik ate\u015f tedavisi ile 3 g\u00fcne kadar izlenebiliyor. \u015eayet ate\u015fin s\u00fcresi 3 g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7iyorsa doktor muayenesi mutlaka gerekiyor.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2 ya\u015f alt\u0131 \u00e7ocuklarda ate\u015fle birlikte bu belirtiler varsa doktora gidilmeli<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015fli \u00e7ocuklarda ve \u00f6zellikle bebeklerde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bulgulardan bir ka\u00e7\u0131 ate\u015fe e\u015flik ediyorsa hayat\u0131 tehdit eden ciddi bakteriyel enfeksiyon olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle zaman kaybetmeden bir doktora ba\u015fvurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f 40 derecenin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve 72 saatten daha uzun s\u00fcr\u00fcyorsa<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015fle birlikte s\u00fcrekli a\u011flama, inleme ve huzursuzluk hali varsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015f d\u00fc\u015fmesine ra\u011fmen huzursuzlu\u011fu devam ediyorsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nS\u00fcrekli uyuklama hali, bilin\u00e7 bulan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve say\u0131klama varsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nB\u0131ng\u0131lda\u011f\u0131nda atma ve kabar\u0131kl\u0131k durumu varsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015fle beraber cildinde mor d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcler olu\u015fuyorsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nDaha \u00f6nce havale ge\u00e7irmi\u015fse,<\/strong><\/span>
\nA\u011f\u0131z mukozas\u0131nda kuruluk, g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131, g\u00f6z k\u00fcresinde ve b\u0131ng\u0131ldakta \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fckl\u00fck gibi s\u0131v\u0131 kayb\u0131 bulgular\u0131 varsa,<\/strong><\/span>
\nZor ve s\u0131k nefes al\u0131yorsa, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kulak a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, bo\u011faz a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, ense sertli\u011fi, devaml\u0131 kusma, s\u0131k ishal, idrar yaparken yanma, idrar renginde de\u011fi\u015fme gibi bulgular\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumunda mutlaka doktora ba\u015fvurmak gerekir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda ate\u015fe yol a\u00e7an 15 neden<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1- Enfeksiyonlar: Grip, \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131, k\u0131zam\u0131k, k\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k, su\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, 5. ve 6. hastal\u0131k, kabakulak, tonsillofarenjit, sin\u00fczit, ortakulakenfeksiyonlar\u0131, laringotrekeobron\u015fit, zat\u00fcrre, idrar yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131, gastroenterit, menenjit, ensefalit, myokardit, endokardit, perikardit, artrit, osteomyelit, bakteriyemi, sepsis gibi.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- A\u015f\u0131lar: Bebeklik d\u00f6neminde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00f6zellikle karma a\u015f\u0131lar sonras\u0131nda.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- Doku Hasar\u0131: Travma, adale i\u00e7i enjeksiyonlar, di\u015f \u00e7\u0131karma, yan\u0131k gibi.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- Su kayb\u0131: \u0130shal, kusma, yan\u0131k vb.<\/strong><\/span>
\n5- Habis olaylar: L\u00f6semi, lenfoma, metastatik hastal\u0131klar.<\/strong><\/span>
\n6- \u0130la\u00e7lar: Antibiyotikler, atropin, amfetamin, amfoterisin gibi.<\/strong><\/span>
\n7- Kan transf\u00fczyonlar\u0131.<\/strong><\/span>
\n8- Kafa travmalar\u0131.<\/strong><\/span>
\n9- Biyolojik ajanlar (ila\u00e7lar).<\/strong><\/span>
\n10- \u0130mm\u00fcnolojik hastal\u0131klar: Romatoid artrit, sistemik lupus eritomatozus, kawazaki hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/strong><\/span>
\n11- \u0130nflamatuar hastal\u0131klar: \u0130nflamatuar ba\u011f\u0131rsak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/strong><\/span>
\n12- Endokrin hastal\u0131klar.<\/strong><\/span>
\n13- Metabolik hastal\u0131klar: Gut ve \u00fcremi gibi.<\/strong><\/span>
\n14- Zehirlenmeler.<\/strong><\/span>
\n15- Nedeni bilinmeyen veya ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayan hastal\u0131klar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda y\u00fcksek ate\u015fin farkl\u0131 nedenleri de olabilir<\/strong><\/span>
\n3-5 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli ate\u015fin nedenleri aras\u0131nda \u00fcst ve alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131, mide- ba\u011f\u0131rsak sisteminde ishal ve kusma ile g\u00f6r\u00fclen enfeksiyonlar, \u00f6zellikle k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen idrar yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 say\u0131labilir. Zat\u00fcrre, menenjit eklem ve kas iltihaplar\u0131 da ate\u015fin daha a\u011f\u0131r nedenleridir. Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fin nedeni, yap\u0131lan ilk tetkiklerle ortaya konamad\u0131ysa ve bu durum 7-15 g\u00fcnden uzun s\u00fcrd\u00fcyse; t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz, malta hummas\u0131 ve tifo gibi hastal\u0131klar, eklem iltihaplar\u0131, kalbin i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki zar\u0131n iltihaplar\u0131 ve birtak\u0131m kanser tiplerine dair ihtimaller g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f en uyar\u0131c\u0131 bulgudur!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, \u00e7ocuk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir problem oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan, aileyi hekime gidilmesi konusunda uyaran en g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bulgudur. Ate\u015f asl\u0131nda, v\u00fccudun ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k cevab\u0131d\u0131r yani v\u00fccudun ate\u015fi y\u00fckseltmesindeki ama\u00e7 v\u00fccuda girmi\u015f olan mikroorganizmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fccudun verdi\u011fi sinyalleri dikkate al\u0131n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f 39-40 derecenin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda v\u00fccut a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 enerji harcamaya ba\u015flar, kalp ve solunum sistemi daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. V\u00fccut, kol ve bacaklardaki damarlar\u0131 b\u00fcz\u00fcp bu b\u00f6lgelere daha az kan g\u00f6nderirken; beyin, kalp, karaci\u011fer gibi organlara daha fazla kan g\u00f6nderir. V\u00fccut alacal\u0131, mermerimsi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc al\u0131r, el- kol ve bacaklarda so\u011fukluk olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen g\u00f6vdede y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Her ate\u015f y\u00fckselmesinde paniklemek do\u011fru de\u011fildir ancak 40 dereceyi ge\u00e7en ate\u015fte dikkat etmek gerekir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bebeklerde ve \u00e7ocuklarda ate\u015f ka\u00e7 derece olmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f, v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n normal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. V\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamana ve \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u00fccut b\u00f6lgesine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Ortalama v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 37 dereceye kadar d\u00fc\u015ferken ak\u015fam 38 dereceye kadar y\u00fckselebilir. 6 ayl\u0131ktan ufak bebeklerde g\u00fcnl\u00fck ate\u015f oynamalar\u0131 \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. 6 ay-2 ya\u015f aras\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fim 1 derecedir. 6 ya\u015fta g\u00fcnl\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fim 2 derece olabilir<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu zaman ak\u015fam saatleridir. Kullan\u0131lan \u0131s\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7inde en y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 popodan al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131zdan al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131 popodan al\u0131nandan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Koltuk alt\u0131 \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 ise en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r ve v\u00fccut \u00f6z \u0131s\u0131s\u0131ndan bir derece daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Egzersiz, a\u015f\u0131n giyinme, s\u0131cak banyo, a\u015f\u0131n s\u0131cak hava, s\u0131cak yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekler sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun v\u00fccuti \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 38 \u2013 38.5 dereceye kadar y\u00fckseltebilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f olarak kabul edilen en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u00fccut b\u00f6lgesine, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc saate ve \u00e7evre \u0131s\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015febilir. Her \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in tek bir \u0131s\u0131 de\u011feri vermek olas\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bir \u00e7ocukta popodan al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 38 \u2013 38.2 derece, a\u011f\u0131zdan al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 37.5 \u2013 37.8 derece, koltuk alt\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 37 \u2013 37.2 derece ve kulak yolundan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 37.8 \u2013 38 derece \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131 halinde ate\u015f s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015fin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi konusu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklann ate\u015fini gereksiz s\u0131kl\u0131kta \u00f6l\u00e7mekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ate\u015fin izlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ocuk kendini \u00e7ok s\u0131cak hissediyorsa veya k\u00f6t\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa ate\u015finin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi uygun olur. \u00dc\u015f\u00fcme ve titreme ate\u015fin y\u00fckselmekte oldu\u011funu, \u00e7ocu\u011fun pembe g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc ate\u015fin en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve terleme ate\u015fin d\u00fc\u015fmekte oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Ate\u015f bir hastal\u0131k de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca bir belirtidir. Ate\u015fin beyin hasar\u0131 gibi zararl\u0131 etkileri popodan al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 41 derece \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmadan g\u00f6r\u00fclmez.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Beynin \u0131s\u0131 ayarlay\u0131c\u0131 merkezi enfeksiyon sonucu y\u00fckselen ate\u015fi 41.1 derecenin alt\u0131nda ayarlar. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olan bir \u00e7ocukta y\u00fcksek ate\u015fin zararl\u0131 etkileri daha \u00e7ok s\u0131cak \u00e7arpmas\u0131 ve nadiren de ate\u015fe ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 birbiri arkas\u0131na devam eden havale n\u00f6betlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ate\u015fli bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00e7ok fazla giydirilmesi, radyat\u00f6r\u00fcn veya \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 veya arabada direk g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na maruz kalmas\u0131 ate\u015fin \u00e7ok y\u00fckselerek zararl\u0131 etkilerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131nr.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnde dikkat edilecek noktalar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Rektal ate\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn (makattan) termometrenin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, enfeksiyon ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve rektal travma gibi komplikasyonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Rektal perforasyon riski yakla\u015f\u0131k iki milyon \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde bir olarak saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aksiller \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde (koltuk alt\u0131) yalanc\u0131 negatiflik riski y\u00fcksektir. Alt\u0131 ay\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki 937 \u00e7ocuk \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada aksiller \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde yalanc\u0131 negatiflik evde yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde %79, hastanede yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde %27 olarak saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kresch\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda klasik aksiller termometrenin 8 dakika bekletilmesi ile g\u00fcvenilir s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn hassasiyeti %33 olarak bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ate\u015fi normal olan eri\u015fkinlerde klasik cam cival\u0131 termometre kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kullan\u0131lan termometrelerin %90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan s\u00fcre rektal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde 2 dakika, oral \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde 7 dakika, aksiller \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde ise 9 dakika bulunmu\u015ftur. Rektal termometrelerin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn optimal s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa 1 dakikada eri\u015fti\u011fi saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Neden ate\u015fimiz \u00e7\u0131kar?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kimi bakteri ya da viruslar\u0131n salg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddeler ya da kendileri, v\u00fccudumuzu uyararak endojen pirojen dedi\u011fimiz maddelerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Bu pirojenler de beyinde hipotalamusta etki ederek \u00f6nceden ayarlanm\u0131\u015f termostat derecesini y\u00fckseltirler. Bu da ate\u015fe neden olur.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fccut Is\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Kontrol\u00fc<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 beyinde hipotalamusta bulunan \u0131s\u0131 ayarlay\u0131c\u0131 merkez taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenir. V\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7evre \u0131s\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimlere ra\u011fmen normal s\u0131n\u0131rlarda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Is\u0131n\u0131n bu d\u00fczeyde tutulmas\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fumu ve \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dengeye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ate\u015f olu\u015fturan herhangi bir madde i\u00e7in pirojen terimi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Pirojenler v\u00fccut i\u00e7i (endojen) ve v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda (eksojen) olabilir. Eksojen pirojenler, mikroonganizmalar, toksinler ve mikrobiyal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir. Organizmada endojen pirojenler olarak bilinen pirojenik sitokinlerin olu\u015fumuna yol a\u00e7arak ate\u015fe neden olurlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklardaki en y\u00fcksek ate\u015f d\u00fczeyi ka\u00e7 derece olmal\u0131<\/strong><\/span>
\nHiperpireksi (ate\u015fin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckselmesi) genel olarak \u201cv\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 41 derece ve \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan ender bir durumdur. Ate\u015f nedeniyle polikliniklere ba\u015fvuran her 2100 \u00e7ocuktan yaln\u0131zca birinde hiperpireksiye rastlanmakta, ancak hastaneye yatan hastalarda bu oran daha y\u00fcksek olabilmektedir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda ve bebeklerde y\u00fcksek ate\u015f yararl\u0131 m\u0131, zararl\u0131 m\u0131?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAte\u015f, enfeksiyonla sava\u015f mekanizmalar\u0131ndan biridir. So\u011fuk kanl\u0131 hayvanlarda bile mikroorganizmalar\u0131n v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltti\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Kertenkelelere, canl\u0131 ya da \u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bakteri verildi\u011finde daha s\u0131cak ortamlara gittikleri, antipiretik (sodyum salisilat) verildi\u011finde ise mortalitenin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka hayvan modellerinde de ate\u015fin ya\u015fam olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n yararl\u0131 etkileri \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlenebilir:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f6trofil g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc artar,<\/strong><\/span>
\nN\u00f6trofillerde antibakteriyel madde \u00fcretimi artar (s\u00fcperoksid anyonu gibi),<\/strong><\/span>
\ninterferon \u00fcretimi artar,<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0130nterferonun antiviral ve antit\u00fcm\u00f6r aktivitesi artar,<\/strong><\/span>
\nT h\u00fccre proliferasyonu artar,<\/strong><\/span>
\nDemirden fakir ortamda mikroorganizmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi azal\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span>
\nGe\u00e7ici zararl\u0131 etkiler: Hafif dehidratasyon, Huzursuzluk, Febril deliryum, Basit febril konvulziyon,<\/strong><\/span>
\nKal\u0131c\u0131 zararl\u0131 etkiler: Is\u0131 \u015foku, beyin hasar\u0131, Febril status epileptikus (zincirleme n\u00f6bet).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ate\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131 huzursuzluk genellikle 39.5 -40 C\u2019ye kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, 3 km\u2019lik ko\u015fu sonras\u0131 ate\u015fin akut olarak 41 C\u2019ye y\u00fckseldi\u011fini, ancak zararl\u0131 bir etkisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7ta, t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ate\u015fin 41 C\u2019nin alt\u0131nda zarars\u0131z oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. \u00c7o\u011fu insan 41-41.5 C ate\u015fi tolere edebilmektedir. Ate\u015f 42 C\u2019nin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zararl\u0131 etkileri g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar. Konjestif kalp yetmezli\u011fi, solunum yetmezli\u011fi, akut n\u00f6rolojik hastal\u0131klar ve endotoksik \u015fokta ate\u015f daha fazla zarar verebilir. Bu nedenle bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda orta derecede ate\u015fte bile daha agresif antipiretik tedavi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Is\u0131 \u015foku: Genellikle ate\u015fin 42 C\u2019nin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu durumlarda deliryum, koma ve anhidrozla karakterize tehlikeli bir durumdur. Is\u0131 \u015foku hipotalamustaki \u0131s\u0131 reg\u00fclasyon merkezindeki hasar sonucu geli\u015fir. Tedavi edilmedi\u011finde mortalite %80\u2019lerin (\u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131) \u00fczerindedir. Sa\u011f kalanlarda serebral ataksi, a\u011f\u0131r dizartri gibi n\u00f6rolojik defisitler kalabilir. Rutin \u00e7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00e7ocuk a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 giydirilmedik\u00e7e, MSS enfeksiyonu olmad\u0131k\u00e7a ya da ektodermal displazi gibi terlemeyi engelleyen bir hastal\u0131k olmad\u0131k\u00e7a \u0131s\u0131 \u015foku geli\u015fmesi beklenmez.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Febril konvulziyon: Y\u00fcksek ate\u015fin en iyi bilinen komplikasyonudur. G\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k %4\u2019t\u00fcr. Ate\u015fli konvulziyon ge\u00e7iren \u00e7ocuklarda epilepsi geli\u015fme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 %2\u2019dir. Bu s\u0131kl\u0131k genel epilepsi s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re daha fazlad\u0131r. Febril konvulziyonlu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n %1-2\u2019sinde febril status epileptikus geli\u015fir. Febril konvulziyon meydana geldi\u011fi s\u0131rada ailelerin %30 kadar\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ate\u015fli oldu\u011funun fark\u0131nda de\u011fillerdir. Febril konvulziyonlu olgularda ate\u015fin ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre %61 \u00e7ocukta 12 saatten, %81 \u00e7ocukta ise 24 saatten daha k\u0131sad\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada febril konvulziyon ge\u00e7iren \u00e7ocuklarda y\u00fcksek ate\u015fin (> 40 C) daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck febril konvulziyon riski ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, bebek ve \u00e7ocuklarda s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ancak belli limitlerde oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece ciddi bir sorun de\u011filken baz\u0131 durumlarda hayati decede riskler ve kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlar yaratabilir. Bu nedenle ate\u015fin nas\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011finin bilinmesi ve gerekli durumlarda vakit kaybetmeden doktora gidilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Her ate\u015f y\u00fckselmesinde paniklemek do\u011fru de\u011fildir ancak 39 \u00b0C dereceyi ge\u00e7en ate\u015fe dikkat etmek gerekir. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-bebek-ve-cocuk","czr-hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nBebeklerde Y\u00fcksek Ate\u015f Nas\u0131l D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ? - Mega Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/megasaglik.com\/index.php\/2019\/03\/11\/bebeklerde-yuksek-ates-nasil-dusurulur\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bebeklerde Y\u00fcksek Ate\u015f Nas\u0131l D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ? - Mega Sa\u011fl\u0131k\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, bebek ve \u00e7ocuklarda s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ancak belli limitlerde oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece ciddi bir sorun de\u011filken baz\u0131 durumlarda hayati decede riskler ve kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlar yaratabilir. Bu nedenle ate\u015fin nas\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011finin bilinmesi ve gerekli durumlarda vakit kaybetmeden doktora gidilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Her ate\u015f y\u00fckselmesinde paniklemek do\u011fru de\u011fildir ancak 39 \u00b0C dereceyi ge\u00e7en ate\u015fe dikkat etmek gerekir. 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